China’s new 5-year plan: A high-stakes bet on self-reliance that won’t fix an unbalanced economy
Every few years since 1953, the Chinese government has unveiled a new master strategy for its economy: the all-important five-year plan.
For the most part, these blueprints have been geared at spurring growth and unity as the nation transformed from a rural, agrarian economy to an urbanized, developed powerhouse.
The task that faced China’s leaders as they met in early October 2025 to map out their 15th such plan was, however, complicated by two main factors: sluggish domestic growth and intensifying geopolitical rivalry.
Their solution? More of the same. In pledging to deliver “high-quality development” through technological self-reliance, industrial modernization and expanded domestic demand, Beijing is doubling down on a state-led model that has powered its rise in recent ...









